Effect of Music Therapy on Parent-Infant Bonding Among Infants Born Preterm: A Randomized Clinical Trial.

Importance: Parent-infant bonding contributes to long-term infant health but may be disrupted by preterm birth. Objective: To determine if parent-led, infant-directed singing, supported by a music therapist and initiated in the neonatal intensive care unit (NICU), improves parent-infant bonding at 6 and 12 months. Design, Setting, and Participants: This randomized clinical trial was conducted in level III and IV NICUs in 5 countries between 2018 and 2022. Eligible participants were preterm infants (under 35 weeks' gestation) and their parents. Follow-up was conducted across 12 months (as part of the LongSTEP study) at home or in clinics. Final follow-up was conducted at 12 months' infant-corrected age. Data were analyzed from August 2022 to November 2022. Intervention: Participants randomized to music therapy (MT) plus standard care or standard care alone during NICU admission, or to MT plus standard care or standard care alone postdischarge, using computer-generated randomization (ratio 1:1, block sizes of 2 or 4 varying randomly), stratified by site (51 allocated to MT NICU, 53 to MT postdischarge, 52 to both, and 50 to neither). MT consisted of parent-led, infant-directed singing tailored to infant responses and supported by a music therapist 3 times per week throughout hospitalization or 7 sessions across 6 months' postdischarge. Main Outcome and Measure: Primary outcome was mother-infant bonding at 6 months' corrected age, measured by the Postpartum Bonding Questionnaire (PBQ), with follow-up at 12 months' corrected age, and analyzed intention-to-treat as group differences. Results: Of 206 enrolled infants with 206 mothers (mean [SD] age, 33 [6] years) and 194 fathers (mean [SD] age, 36 [6] years) randomized at discharge, 196 (95.1%) completed assessments at 6 months and were analyzed. Estimated group effects for PBQ at 6 months' corrected age were 0.55 (95% CI, -2.20 to 3.30; P = .70) for MT in the NICU, 1.02 (95% CI, -1.72 to 3.76; P = .47) for MT postdischarge, and -0.20 (95% CI, -4.03 to 3.63; P = .92) for the interaction (12 months: MT in NICU, 0.17; 95% CI, -2.71 to 3.05; P = .91; MT postdischarge, 1.78; 95% CI, -1.13 to 4.70; P = .24; interaction, -1.68; 95% CI, -5.77 to 2.41; P = .42). There were no clinically important between-group differences for secondary variables. Conclusions and Relevance: In this randomized clinical trial, parent-led, infant-directed singing did not have clinically important effects on mother-infant bonding, but was safe and well-accepted. Trial Registration: ClinicalTrials.gov Identifier: NCT03564184.

Alcohol and drug consumption in pregnant women admitted to a hospital in the city of Buenos Aires, Argentina. Initial Impact Assessment on the Newborn / Consumo de alcohol y drogas en embarazadas internadas en un hospital de la ciudad de Buenos Aires, Argentina. Evaluación del impacto inicial en el recién nacido.

Introduction: The objective of our study was to estimate the prevalence of prenatal exposure to drugs and the neonatal impact. Material and methods: Prospective, observational, cross-sectional and analytical study of pregnant women and newborns admitted between March and September 2021. To estimate the prevalence of consumption, the survey and detection of drugs in maternal urine were used as a detection method. Results: Alcohol consumption had a prevalence of 46.32%, followed by tobacco with 12.12%, marijuana with 5.62% and cocaine with 4.76%. The weight of newborns with mothers with urine positive for some substance was significantly lower than the weight of newborns with mothers with negative urine (mean ± SE of 2800±184gr vs 3332±41gr and median ± MAD of 2950±380gr vs 3385± 335g p 0.002). Gestational age was also significantly lower in neonates with mothers with positive urine (38.00 vs 39.00 p 0.002). Although the prevalence of intrauterine growth retardation (IUGR), malformations, and prematurity was higher in those cases with positive urine, the difference did not become statistically significant. Conclusions: The prevalence of substance and alcohol use during pregnancy was high with a statistically significant impact on exposed newborns for both weight and gestational age.

Introducción: El objetivo de nuestro estudio fue estimar la prevalencia de exposición prenatal a drogas y el impacto neonatal. Materiales y métodos: Estudio prospectivo, observacional, transversal y analítico de embarazadas y recién nacidos ingresados entre marzo y septiembre del 2021. Para estimar la prevalencia de consumo se utilizaron como métodos de detección la encuesta y la detección de drogas en orina materna. Resultados: El consumo de alcohol tuvo una prevalencia del 46.32%, seguido por el tabaco con el 12.12%, la marihuana con el 5.62% y la cocaína con el 4.76%. El peso de los neonatos con madres con orina positiva para alguna sustancia fue significativamente menor que el peso de los neonatos con madres con orina negativa (media ± ES de 2800±184gr vs 3332±41gr y mediana ± DAM de 2950±380gr vs 3385±335gr p 0.002). La edad gestacional también fue significativamente menor en neonatos con madres con orina positiva (38.00 vs 39.00 p 0.002). Si bien la prevalencia de retardo en el crecimiento intrauterino (RCIU), de malformaciones y de prematurez fue superior en aquellos casos con orinas positivas, la diferencia no llegó a ser estadísticamente significativa. Conclusiones: La prevalencia de consumo de sustancias y alcohol durante el embarazo fue elevada con una repercusión estadísticamente significativa en los recién nacidos expuestos tanto para el peso como para la edad gestacional.

Hipotermia terapéutica: programa para prevención del daño neurológico de la encefalopatía hipóxico isquémica en Buenos Aires / THERAPEUTIC HYPOTHERMIA: A MODEL TO PREVENT NEUROLOGIC DAMAGE BY ISCHEMIC HIPOXIC ENCEPHALOPATHY

Introducción: La hipotermia terapéutica (HT) es el estándar de cuidado para la encefalopatía hipóxico-isquémica (EHI). El servicio de neonatología implemento el programa de HT en el marco de la red perinatal de la Ciudad de Buenos Aires (RPCABA). Objetivos: Describir la implementación del programa de hipotermia en RPCABA. Reportar la mortalidad, complicaciones y efectos adversos asociados al tratamiento. Métodos: La implementación del programa se realizó en etapas: 1) 2009- 2010 Capacitación y entrenamiento en el uso del equipamiento. 2) 2010 hasta la actualidad: Tratamiento y seguimiento para los pacientes con EHI moderada o grave. Resultados: Hasta Marzo de 2017, 65 neonatos recibieron HT (7 con hipotermia corporal total y los 58 restantes hipotermia activa selectiva), 49 paciente fueron clasificados según la Escala Sarnat & Sarnat como EHI moderada y 16 como EHI grave. Conclusiones: Fue factible implementar el programa en nuestra unidad, auditarlo para mejorarlo y sostenerlo en el tiempo. El sistema de traslado pudo responder ante la activación del "código de hipotermia", cumpliendo tiempos, sosteniendo el tratamiento y el monitoreo adecuado. Creemos necesario mejorar la identificación de neonatos con diagnóstico de EHI en RPCABA. Se necesita nueva capacitación para evitar el subdiagnóstico de esta patología en los centros de nivel 2

Therapeutic hypothermia (TH) is nowadays the gold standard of care for the treatment of hypoxic- ischemic encephalopathy (HIE) in developed countries. The term encephalopathy refers to a diffuse disturbance of brain function, resulting in behavioral changes, altered consciousness or seizures. The brain is particularly vulnerable to even brief interruptions of blood flow or oxygen supply. If the brain´s oxygen supply is insufficient, consciousness is lost rapidly. If oxygenation is restored immediately, consciousness returns without sequelae. However, if oxygen deprivation lasts longer than 1 or 2 minutes, signs of an encephalopathy may persists for hours or permanently. Total ischemic anoxia lasting longer than about 4 minutes usually results in severe irreversible brain damage. The aim of the present report was to describe the implementation of the hypothermia program in a model for the perinatal system at the City of Buenos Aires, with the equipment Cool Cap® for selective hypothermia, and the equipment CFM Olympic 6000® and CFM OMB from Medix® by Natus®, these two to monitoreate the cerebral function. The results obtained are referred, with special consideration to mortality, complications and adverse effects associated with the treatment.

Implementation in Buenos Aires City of a program to prevent neurological damage caused by hypoxic-ischemic encephalopathy: Therapeutic hypothermia.

Therapeutic hypothermia is the standard of care for hypoxic-ischemic encephalopathy (HIE). This treatment was implemented at a regional level by the perinatal network of the City of Buenos Aires. The following are the objectives of this article: 1. To describe the implementation of the network's hypothermia treatment program; 2. To report treatment-associated complications, adverse events and mortality. The program was implemented in stages: 1) 2009-2010. Training and instruction on how to use the equipment. 2) 20102014. Treatment and follow-up of patients with moderate or severe HIE. Up to October 2014, 27 newborn infants received hypothermia treatment with moderate (n= 15) and severe (n= 12) HIE. None of the patients died during treatment. Three newborn infants were lost to follow-up. Among the 16 survivors older than one year old, three have severe neurological disability. Program implementation was plausible. It is imperative to train health care providers on how to identify patients with HIE.

[Intestinal transplantation in pediatrics. Analysis of the first recipient series in Argentina]. / Trasplante intestinal en pediatría. Análisis de la primera serie de receptores en la Argentina.

The present is a retrospective analysis of all pediatric patients that underwent intestinal transplant from March 2006 to March 2010, describing demographics, indications, contraindications, clinical follow up and survival in a single center in Argentina. Based on the results shown one can conclude that intestinal transplant should be considered as a valid treatment for patients with intestinal insufficiency and complications related to parenteral nutrition. The results of our program are similar to those reported in the international Intestinal Transplant Registry. This opens a new perspective to a special population that otherwise would not have any other therapeutic option.

Trasplante intestinal en pediatría: análisis de la primera serie de receptores en la Argentina / Intestinal transplantation in pediatrics: analysis of the first recipient series in Argentina

El presente trabajo comunica la evolución posoperatoria inmediata y alejada de los pacientes pediátricos trasplantados en un único centro enla Argentina, desde marzo de 2006 hasta marzo de 2010, en variables demográficas, indicaciones, contraindicaciones, evolución y supervivencia de pacientes e injerto. Basándose en los resultados se puede concluir que el trasplante intestinal debe ser considerado como un tratamiento válido para todos aquellos pacientes que presenten insuficiencia intestinal,con complicaciones del soporte parenteral. Los resultados adquiridos en nuestro programa son similares a los comunicados internacionalmentey abren una nueva perspectiva para un grupo especial de niños que carecían de solución en nuestro medio.

The present is a retrospective analysis of all pediatric patients that underwent intestinal transplant from march 2006 to march 2010, describing demographics, indications, contraindications, clinical follow up and survival in a single center in Argentina. Based on the results shown one can conclude that intestinal transplant should be considered as a valid treatment for patients with intestinal insufficiency and complications related to parenteral nutrition. The results of our program are similar to those reported in the international Intestinal Transplant Registry. This opens a new perspective to a special population that otherwise would not have any other therapeutic option.

Trasplante intestinal en pediatría: análisis de la primera serie de receptores en la Argentina / Intestinal transplantation in pediatrics: analysis of the first recipient series in Argentina

El presente trabajo comunica la evolución posoperatoria inmediata y alejada de los pacientes pediátricos trasplantados en un único centro enla Argentina, desde marzo de 2006 hasta marzo de 2010, en variables demográficas, indicaciones, contraindicaciones, evolución y supervivencia de pacientes e injerto. Basándose en los resultados se puede concluir que el trasplante intestinal debe ser considerado como un tratamiento válido para todos aquellos pacientes que presenten insuficiencia intestinal,con complicaciones del soporte parenteral. Los resultados adquiridos en nuestro programa son similares a los comunicados internacionalmentey abren una nueva perspectiva para un grupo especial de niños que carecían de solución en nuestro medio.(AU)

The present is a retrospective analysis of all pediatric patients that underwent intestinal transplant from march 2006 to march 2010, describing demographics, indications, contraindications, clinical follow up and survival in a single center in Argentina. Based on the results shown one can conclude that intestinal transplant should be considered as a valid treatment for patients with intestinal insufficiency and complications related to parenteral nutrition. The results of our program are similar to those reported in the international Intestinal Transplant Registry. This opens a new perspective to a special population that otherwise would not have any other therapeutic option.(AU)